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Showing posts with label Estonia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Estonia. Show all posts
25th Estonian Song Festival
Title: 25th Estonian Song Festival
Date of Issue: 18 June 2009
Country: Estonia
Denominations: 5.50
The Estonians often like to be described as a singing people – it is an expression of the national identity of the people, which has united them in their struggle for independence both in the early years of the 20th century and during the Soviet occupation. The common consciousness of the Estonian people includes two convictions connected with the song festivals.
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Räpina Paper Mill, 275th anniversary
Date of Issue: 14 May 2009
Country: Estonia
Denominations: 5.50
The history of the Räpina Paper Mill, one of the oldest industrial enterprises in Estonia, goes back to the year 1728 when Count Karl Gustav von Löwenwolde, a courtier of Tsar Peter I of Russia, acquired lands in Räpina on the banks of Estonia’s longest river, and a dam with a brick works nearby was built on the river under building master Johan Georgi Kaiser’s supervision. The bricks were used to build a sawmill, a flourmill and a paper mill, all of which used water as a source of power. It was a rare case in Europe where one dam brought into motion three different mills. The paper mill based on renewable technology was launched in 1734.
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International Year of Astronomy 2009
Date of Issue: 5 May 2009
Country: Estonia
Denominations: 18.00
The history of astronomy embraces the cultural history of humanity, going back to antiquity and having started from prehistoric cults. If originally astronomy represented knowledge about the starry sky and its cycles and in early astronomy the movement of visible heavenly bodies was observed and forecast, then in the modern sense astronomy is a science that studies above all the physical nature of cosmic objects and the Universe as a whole. Significant achievements of Estonian astronomers include the discovery of the cell structure of the universe based on the location of galaxies and their systems in space. The theory was presented by Jaan Einasto and his colleagues at an international symposium on astronomy in Tallinn in 1977. A different structure of the universe than had been presumed until that time was established, whereas the diameter of a cell is nearly 200 million light years. The dimensions of a cell are immense and even light doesn't have enough time to exchange information between different edges of the cell network during the lifetime of the Universe. The regular structure of the cell could be compared with a honeycomb, where the cells are also placed in a regular pattern.
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